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basic-network [2023/09/12 17:35] – [Wireless (2.4 GHz / interface eth1)] -formatting-interparagraph spacing hogwildbasic-network [2024/02/21 17:54] (current) – [WAN(x) Settings] -clarify Load Balance Weight and add OOO explanation hogwild
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 +**Load Balance Weight:   **This option is** **visible only when number of WANs > 1. It can be set between 0 and 256.\\
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 +{{:pasted:20240219-103900.png}}\\  \\
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 +When configuring a router in a MultiWAN configuration, the MultiWAN function performs load sharing of the links. Load sharing is performed on a per-session basis to prevent issues with interactive traffic, such as real-time voice/video, or RDP. The reason for this is that your links might have different speeds and per-packet load-sharing would generate OOO (Out-of-order) packets, which could make interactive traffic pretty much unusable. Setting a Load Balance Weight on each interface adjusts how that interface will participate in MultiWAN activities. Below are some examples.\\  \\ Load Balance Weight: 0  (Failover)\\ If 0 is used, FreshTomato will not actively route traffic if other WAN interfaces are functional. However, the WAN connection with weight "0" will be automatically enabled if there is a failure of all other WAN interfaces with a weight or 1 or more. This is commonly used in "failover" scenarios. When an interface with weight "0" is is automatically enabled, it will be assigned a weight of 1.
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 +For example:
 +
 +Let's assume we have 2 WANs, as follows:
 +
 +WAN0="weight 0"
 +
 +WAN1="weight 1"
 +
 +At some point, WAN1 fails. As soon as this failure is noticed, WAN0 will activate (assigned with weight 1) and begin routing packets. Later, WAN1 recovers its connectivity. As soon as FreshTomato recognizes this, (within seconds or minutes), WAN0 will be set back to idle status while traffic is rerouted through the revived WAN1. This process of recovering back to the originally active interface is called //preempting//.** **FreshTomato uses Preempting as its default (and fixed) behavior.\\  \\ Load Balance Weight: 1\\ Any value higher than "0" causes an interface to actively route packets. Weights are relative, so a weight of "1" doesn't mean much. Each weight is compared to the Load Balance Weights of other Interfaces to direct functionality. One way of understanding this is to remember: "1=100% and 0=0%". Thus, if WAN0=“weight 0” and WAN1=“weight 1”, that would mean WAN1 is handling 100% of the traffic.​\\  \\ Load Balance Weight: 5\\ An interface set with, for example, weight 5, would essentially handle 5 new sessions before any other interface is to be used.\\  \\ For example, say we have 3 WANs, as follows:\\  \\  WAN0 = weight 0\\  WAN1 = weight 1\\  WAN2 = weight 5\\  \\ In this case, WAN0 will be used only if both WAN1 and WAN2 are both in a failed state, and are unable to route packets. WAN1 will handle the very first new LAN client session going through the router. WAN2 is set to handle the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth sessions. The seventh new session starts again from WAN1, as it would be treated as a another first new LAN client session. WAN2 will then handle the next five new sessions, meaning the eighth, ninth, tenth eleventh and twelfth sessions.\\   \\ One final point about MultiWAN load sharing: **These settings only affect outbound traffic**. Return traffic will always try to return to the WAN interface from which it originated. As the allocation of new session to a WAN is dynamic, you could control what traffic gets allocated to which Interface (a.k.a. sticky connection) via the [[advanced-pbr|MultiWAN routing]] configuration page.
  
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-**SSID:**  This is the network name (Service Set IDentifier) for the 2.4 GHz WiFi interface. For security reasons, you're advised not to include personal words which may indicate your identity, address, location, or equipment type. For example, “HELENLIUNG” would be a poor choice, unless you want everyone nearby to know who owns the network. Single dictionary words also make for very poor security. \\ (Default: FreshTomatoXX, where “XX” is the two numbers in the band.)  For example, on the 2.4 GHz network, the default SSID is “FreshTomato24”.+**SSID:**  This is the network name (Service Set IDentifier) for the 2.4 GHz WiFi interface. For security reasons, you're advised not to include personal words which may indicate your identity, address, location, or equipment type. For example, “HELENLIUNG” would be a poor choice, unless you want everyone nearby to know who owns the network. Single dictionary words also make for very poor security. \\ (Default: FreshTomatoXX, where “XX” is the two numbers in the band.)  For example, on the 2.4 GHz network, the default SSID is “FreshTomato24”. \\ \\
  
 **Broadcast: **Checking this enables SSID broadcasting. This “announces” the SSID on the air, so it's easy to find and connect to. Some argue that disabling SSID Broadcast provides more security. However, SSID names are easily sniffed using common software. Thus, disabling this provides little increase in security. \\ \\ **Broadcast: **Checking this enables SSID broadcasting. This “announces” the SSID on the air, so it's easy to find and connect to. Some argue that disabling SSID Broadcast provides more security. However, SSID names are easily sniffed using common software. Thus, disabling this provides little increase in security. \\ \\
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     * This is usually only for advanced users. \\ \\     * This is usually only for advanced users. \\ \\
  
-**Shared Key:**  Here, enter the shared key to authenticate WiFi clients on the LAN. The field shows asterisks until you click your cursor in it. \\ \\+**Shared Key:**  Here, enter the shared key to authenticate WiFi clients on the LAN. Asterisks are shown until you insert your cursor. \\ \\
  
-**Group Key Renewal:**  This sets how often encryption keys are used between clients and the router/AP are rotated/changed. \\ This is a part of the WPA protocol. (Default: 3600 seconds = 1 hour).+**Group Key Renewal:**  This sets how often encryption keys used between clients and the router are rotated/changed. \\ This is a part of the WPA protocol. (Default: 3600 seconds = 1 hour). 
 + 
 +Starting with release 2023.5, you can adjust the key rotation interval within the following limits:\\ From 1 sec to 2592000 sec   [for all ARM routers and MIPS RT-N / MIPS-RT-AC] \\ 0 = disabled   (not recommended) 
 + 
 +In releases up to 2023.4, you can set this within the following limits: 60 sec to 7200 sec [all routers]
  
  
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 Typically, the 5 GHz WiFi band has higher bandwidth, but shorter distance propagation than the 2.4 GHz band. Typically, the 5 GHz WiFi band has higher bandwidth, but shorter distance propagation than the 2.4 GHz band.
  
-**Enable Wireless:**  Checking this turns on the 5 GHz WiFi interface. When unchecked, the 5 GHz WiFi interface is turned off.+**Enable Wireless:**  Checking this turns on the 5 GHz WiFi interface. When unchecked, the 5 GHz WiFi interface is turned off. \\ \\
  
-**MAC Address:**  This displays the MAC (hardware) address of the 5 GHz WiFi interface. \\ Clicking on the MAC address takes you to the [[:mac_address|MAC Address]] page, where you can choose your own MAC address for this interface.+**MAC Address:**  This displays the MAC (hardware) address of the 5 GHz WiFi interface. \\ Clicking on the MAC address takes you to the [[:mac_address|MAC Address]] page, where you can choose your own MAC address for this interface. \\ \\
  
 **Wireless Mode:**  This lets you choose the wireless mode (function) of the 5 GHz WiFi interface. \\   \\   \\ **Wireless Mode:**  This lets you choose the wireless mode (function) of the 5 GHz WiFi interface. \\   \\   \\
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 Note that releases before 2021.8 do NOT have a separate setting for 802.11ac. That only arrived with 2021.8. Note that releases before 2021.8 do NOT have a separate setting for 802.11ac. That only arrived with 2021.8.
  
-Separate Wireless Network Mode settings will exist for any 2.4 GHz band interface. See the 2.4 GHz section. \\  (Default: Auto)+Separate Wireless Network Mode settings will exist for any 2.4 GHz band interface. See the 2.4 GHz section. \\  (Default: Auto) \\ \\
  
-**SSID:**  This the 5 GHz WiFi interface's network name. For security you should not include any personal words/phrases here which might indicate your identity, address, location, or equipment type. For example, “HELENLIUNG” would be a poor choice, unless you want everyone nearby to know who owns that network. Single dictionary words also make for poor security.+**SSID:**  This the 5 GHz WiFi interface's network name. For security you should not include any personal words/phrases here which might indicate your identity, address, location, or equipment type. For example, “HELENLIUNG” would be a poor choice, unless you want everyone nearby to know who owns that network. Single dictionary words also make for poor security.  \\ \\ (Default: FreshTomatoXX, where “XX” is the digits in the band.) For example, on a 5 GHz network, the default SSID is “FreshTomato50”. \\ \\
  
-(Default: FreshTomatoXX, where “XX” is the digits in the band.) For example, on a 5 GHz network, the default SSID is “FreshTomato50”.+**Broadcast: **Checking this enables SSID broadcasting. This “announces” the SSID on the air, so it's easy to find and connect to. Some argue disabling SSID Broadcast provides more security. However, SSIDs names are easily sniffed with common software. Disabling SSID Broadcast provides little increase in security. \\ \\
  
-**Broadcast: **Checking this enables SSID broadcasting. This “announces” the SSID on the air, so it's easy to find and connect to. Some argue disabling SSID Broadcast provides more security. However, SSIDs names are easily sniffed with common software. Disabling SSID Broadcast provides little increase in security. +**Channel: **Selects the channel on which the 5 GHz radio interface will operate. (Default: Auto).
- +
-**Channel: **Selects the channel on which the 5 GHz radio interface will operate.+
  
 Generally, it's a good idea to choose a different channel than the one your neighbours are using. Generally, it's a good idea to choose a different channel than the one your neighbours are using.
  
-  * Auto: This is the default, and is generally safe unless there's significant interference from nearby equipment. +  * Auto: This default is generally safe unless there's significant interference from nearby equipment. 
     * On this setting, FreshTomato selects and uses the channel it believes has the least interference.     * On this setting, FreshTomato selects and uses the channel it believes has the least interference.
-  * Channel: This lets you manually choose from available channels on the band. Unavailable channels won't appear here. +  * Channel: This lets you manually choose from available channels on the band. Unavailable channels won't appear here. \\ \\
- +
-(Default: Auto).+
  
 **Channel Width:**  This allows you to choose the width of the channel (in terms of frequency). **Channel Width:**  This allows you to choose the width of the channel (in terms of frequency).
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  \\ 20 MHz channels on the 5 GHz band have no overlap, so the 5GHz band is less prone to interference and noise. Larger channel widths provide more speed/bandwidth if there's low interference. Interference is more common on the 2.4 GHz band. It's usually fine to choose a wider channel width here. However, if you see slowdowns or trouble authenticating/associating with the router, you may need to use a narrower channel width.  \\ 20 MHz channels on the 5 GHz band have no overlap, so the 5GHz band is less prone to interference and noise. Larger channel widths provide more speed/bandwidth if there's low interference. Interference is more common on the 2.4 GHz band. It's usually fine to choose a wider channel width here. However, if you see slowdowns or trouble authenticating/associating with the router, you may need to use a narrower channel width.
  
-802.11N can use 40 MHz channel width. However, to maintain legacy compatibility, it uses a main 20 MHz channel plus a free adjacent channel 20 MHz above or below the main channel.+802.11N can use 40 MHz channel width. However, to maintain legacy compatibility, it uses a main 20 MHz channel plus a free adjacent channel 20 MHz above or below the main channel. \\ \\
  
 **Control Sideband:**  This option is available only if the 40, 80 or 160 MHz Channel Width is selected. This lets you choose whether the extra channel used is above (Upper) or below (Lower) the main channel being used. (Default: Upper). **Control Sideband:**  This option is available only if the 40, 80 or 160 MHz Channel Width is selected. This lets you choose whether the extra channel used is above (Upper) or below (Lower) the main channel being used. (Default: Upper).
  
-Starting with release 2023.3, this menu will allow you to choose the exact control channel for use FixME!+Starting with release 2023.3, this menu will allow you to choose the exact control channel for use FixME! \\ \\
  
 **Security:** This menu lets you select the security protocol that will be used on the 2.4 GHz WiFi interface. **Security:** This menu lets you select the security protocol that will be used on the 2.4 GHz WiFi interface.
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  \\  \\
  
-**Shared Key:**  Here, enter the shared key to authenticate WiFi clients on the network. The field shows asterisks until you click your cursor in it.+**Shared Key:**  Here, enter the shared key to authenticate WiFi clients on the network. The field shows asterisks until you click your cursor in it. \\ \\
  
 **Group Key Renewal:**  This sets how often encryption keys used between clients and the router are rotated. This is part of the WPA protocol. **Group Key Renewal:**  This sets how often encryption keys used between clients and the router are rotated. This is part of the WPA protocol.
  
-(Default: 3600 seconds).+(Default: 3600 seconds). Please see the first wireless radio unit for more infos!
  
  
basic-network.1694536533.txt.gz · Last modified: 2023/09/12 17:35 by hogwild

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