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--- device_list [2021/08/17 01:30] – hogwild
+++ device_list [2021/09/24 17:41] – It's a link, not a button; it is also not new, having been around for years techie007
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ====== Device List ======
-\\ The Device List menu displays an overall view of (client) devices connected to your LAN. Information is gathered from different sources, such as \\ Wi-Fi clients, DHCP leases, ARP tables, and more.
+\\ The Device List menu displays an overall view of the devices connected to your LAN. This information is gathered from a number of different sources including DHCP leases, ARP tables, and WiFi clients.
-\\ **Interface**: reports details of the interface on which the router sees the device. Starting in release 2021.3, this includes physical and logical interface name, and wireless SSID.
+\\ {{:pasted:20210805-071313.png}} \\
-  * ''br'' is a bridge (representing the LAN).
+\\ **Interface** reports details of the interface on which the router sees the device. Starting in release 2021.3, this includes physical and logical interface name, and wireless SSID.
-  * ''eth'' is an Ethernet physical interface. This name might be used directly, or it might be used \\ indirectly if a bridge/ppp/vpn etc is associated with the interface.
-  * ''vlan'' is a virtual interface that will always be related to a physical interface. \\ In the example below, vlan2 represents the WAN interface.
-  * ''wl'' is a wireless radio interface. You'll probably have several of these, \\ depending on the number of radios available in your hardware (2.4 and 5GHz). \\ Virtual wireless interfaces will also appear here.
-  * ''SSID'' is the WiFi network name where the wireless client connects to.
-In FreshTomato/Linux, device names start at 0. The first Wi-Fi adapter might be named "wl0". The second Ethernet adapter might be named "eth1". Additional instances are created when virtual interfaces are created (secondary SSIDs).  \\   \\  {{:pasted:20210805-071313.png}}  \\   \\  **Media**: In this column, an icon represents the interface on which the device is connected and its connection status. Interface types include:
+  * ''brX'' is a bridge (representing the LAN).
+  * ''ethX'' is an Ethernet physical interface. This name might be used directly, or it might be used indirectly if a bridge/ppp/vpn etc is associated with the interface.
+  * ''vlanX'' is a virtual interface that will always be related to a physical interface. In the example above, vlan2 represents the WAN interface.
+  * ''wlX'' is a wireless radio interface. If you have Virtual Wireless set up you'll probably have several of these depending on the number of radios available in your hardware (2.4 and 5GHz). Virtual wireless interfaces will also appear here. wlX is the syntax for the main Wireless chipset where wlX.X is the naming convention of virtual wireless interfaces.
+On WiFi-connected devices, the SSID they are connected to will appear under the interface name.
+In FreshTomato/Linux, device names start at 0. The first WiFi adapter might be named "wl0". The second Ethernet adapter might be named "eth1". Additional instances are created when virtual interfaces are created (secondary SSIDs).
+\\ **Media**: In this column, an icon represents the interface on which the device is connected and its connection status. Interface types include:
   * Ethernet
-  * PPPoE connection to ISP
+  * WiFi (2.4GHz)
-  * Wi-Fi (2.4GHz)
+  * WiFi (5GHz)
-  * Wi-Fi (5GHz)
   * Cellular 3G/4G/5G connection to ISP
+  * PPPoE connection to ISP
   * Wireless client (to other router/AP)
   * Wireless bridge (to other router/AP)
   * PPTP client
-WAN interfaces are represented with black and white inverted.
+WAN interfaces are represented with black and white inverted, while a grayed-out power icon represents a device that is disconnected or off.
-A greyed out universal power symbol represents a device which is disconnected or off.
+\\ **MAC Address** is the physical (hardware) address associated with the interface.
-**MAC Address**: is the physical (hardware) address associated with the interface.
+  * Clicking on the MAC address opens a web search to try to identify the hardware vendor based on the device's OUI ([[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizationally_unique_identifier|Organizationally Unique Identifier]]). The OUI is derived from the first 6 digits of its MAC address. This function is useful only for hardware default (factory-programmed) MAC addresses and will not work as expected with manually-configured MAC addresses as they can be arbitrarily assigned.
-  * [MAC ADDRESS]   //Hardware Vendor// - Clicking on this does a web search to try to identify \\ the hardware vendor based on the device's oui (Organizationally Unique Identifier). \\ The OUI is derived from the first 6 digits of its MAC address. \\ [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizationally_unique_identifier|https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizationally_unique_identifier]] \\ This function is useful only for hardware default (factory-programmed) \\ MAC addresses. This will not work as expected with manually-configured \\ MAC addresses. This is because FreshTomato lets you manually define almost any\\ MAC address in the Advanced/MAC addresses menu.
+  * [SL] stands for //Static Lease// and is a shortcut to the [[:dhcp_reservation|DHCP Reservation]] page, where you can assign a static IP reservation to the MAC address. From there, you can also enable static ARP mapping to the MAC address if desired to protect against [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARP_spoofing|ARP spoofing]] by ticking the **Bound to** checkbox.
- \\
-  * [SL] //Static Lease//   This is a shortcut to the [[:dhcp_reservation|DHCP Reservation]] page, where you can assign \\ a DHCP Reservation or Static ARP mapping to the MAC address.
- \\
-  * [BWL] //Bandwidth Limiter// - is a shortcut to the Bandwidth Limiter menu for the specified device. \\ There, you can limit the bandwidth of the device associated with this MAC address.
- \\
-  * [AR] - //Access Restriction// - is a shortcut to the [[:access_restrictions|Access Restriction]] menu where the device \\ can have its communication restricted.
- \\
-  * [WLF] - For Wi-Fi devices, this shortcut forwards you to to the Wireless Filter menu where the device's \\ MAC address is prefilled and can be blocked/allowed from connecting wirelessly.
- \\
+  * [BWL] is a shortcut to the [[:bandwidth_limiter|Bandwidth Limiter]] menu for the specified device, where you can limit the bandwidth of the device associated with this MAC address.
-**IP Address:**  displays the IP address linked to the MAC address.
-**Name:**  shows the DHCP Hostname aka //Client Identifier//. If a name is missing, it could be because your device is not directly connected to the router (e.g. via external switch or AP). You can work around this by adding your own dhcp-host reference in the dnsmasq Custom configuration.
+  * [AR] is a shortcut to the [[:access_restrictions|Access Restriction]] menu where the device can have its WAN communication restricted.
-For example: \\ ''dhcp-host=70:EE:50:37:E8:46,myhostname''
+  * [WLF] is a shortcut to the [[:wireless_filter|Wireless Filter]] menu where the device's MAC address is prefilled and can be blocked/allowed from connecting wirelessly.
+\\ **IP Address** displays the IP address linked to the MAC address of the client device. If no IP address is shown, one is not assigned/known yet. This can briefly happen during the authentication phase of wireless devices, even if the wireless password is incorrect.
+**Name** shows the DHCP Hostname of the client device. If no name is shown, it is typically because the device got its DHCP lease on the network from a different router, or this router was rebooted after the lease was given. You can work around this by adding your own dhcp-host reference in the dnsmasq Custom configuration.
+For example, ''dhcp-host=70:EE:50:37:E8:46,myhostname''
 Please note this field is also affected by the "//Generate a name for DHCP clients which do not otherwise have one//" parameter in the [[dhcp_dns|DHCP/DNS]] menu.
-**RSSI:**  indicates Relative Signal Strength. This applies only to Wi-Fi clients connected to this router. RSSI is measured in negative numbers, where 0 is the best possible value. Thus, -53 is a stronger signal than -74. If possible, keep your wireless devices away from metal, concrete, mirrors, and appliances with large motors or compressors (air conditioners, refrigerators, elevators). They all can consistently reduce signal strength/quality.
+**RSSI** indicates Relative Signal Strength. This applies only to WiFi clients connected to this router. RSSI is measured in negative numbers, where 0 is the best possible value. Thus, -53 is a stronger signal than -74. If possible, keep your wireless devices away from metal, concrete, mirrors, and appliances with large motors or compressors (air conditioners, refrigerators, elevators). They all can consistently reduce signal strength/quality.
+**Quality** is similar to RSSI but considers other parameters, such as noise floor, and interference. This gives a more accurate assessment of the signal.
-**Quality:**  is similar to RSSI but considers other parameters, such as noise floor, and interference. This gives a more accurate assessment of the signal.
+**TX/RX Rate** is the current transmit/receive link speeds between the router and the wireless client device. It is normal for these numbers to go up and down based on the activity level of the client device and the quality/distance of the signal.
-**TX/RX Rate:**  is the current transmit/receive speeds between FreshTomato and the wireless client device. These numbers will go up and down based on the activity level of the client device. This is **not**  the same as the //link speed//. It is normal for the speed to be low for idle clients.
+**Lease** displays the time remaining before the DHCP lease expires. The lease time text is also a hyperlink; clicking on it allows you to delete the current DHCP lease from the database, and deauthorize the device (if it's connected via WiFi). This can be useful when creating static IP reservations, to cause connected devices to refresh their previously automatically assigned IP to the new, manually reserved one:
-**Lease:**  display the time remaining before the DHCP lease expires. If you hover over the lease time, a new button appears which allows to delete the current DHCP lease from the database and de-authorize the device (if it's connected via WiFi).  This can be useful when creating static IP reservations, to cause connected devices to refresh their previously automatically assigned IP to the new, manually reserved one:
+{{https://wiki.freshtomato.org/lib/plugins/ckgedit/fckeditor/userfiles/image/delete_lease.png?230x144}} \\
-{{https://wiki.freshtomato.org/lib/plugins/ckgedit/fckeditor/userfiles/image/delete_lease.png?230x144}}
+**Noise floor** indicates the amount of interference affecting each physical radio interface. Noise, like RSSI, is measured in negative numbers. The best possible value is -100dBm. Any interference will push up the (noise) value and decrease the Quality.
- \\  \\ **Noise floor:**  indicates the amount of interference affecting each physical radio interface. Noise, like RSSI, is measured in negative numbers. The best possible value is -100dbm. Any interference will push up the (noise) value and decrease the Quality.
+If you experience a strong RSSI //and// a strong Noise floor, the WiFi is likely to be unusable. In such situations, the main issue is usually other routers or Access Points transmitting on the same channel. Use the [[:wireless_survey|Wireless Survey]] function to get more information.
-If you experience a strong RSSI //and // a strong Noise floor, the Wi-Fi is likely to be unusable. In such situations, the main issue is usually other routers or Access Points transmitting on the same channel. Use the [[:wireless_survey|Wireless Survey]] function to get more information.
+On the 2.4GHz band, common sources of interference include Bluetooth devices, cordless phones, wireless headphones, low-quality power supplies, microwave ovens, etcetera. On the 5GHz band, there are typically fewer sources of interference. One source of interference is DFS (Dynamic Frequency Selection) but for specific channels only. DFS is a WiFi function that enables 5GHz WiFi to use frequencies that are generally reserved for radar. Ironically, DFS was designed to reduce interference, not increase it. DFS interference varies, depending on the country/physical location of the equipment. If you suspect your interference is due to DFS, please see [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_WLAN_channels|this page]] for details.
-On the 2.4GHz band, common sources of interference include Bluetooth devices, cordless phones, wireless headphones, low quality power supplies, microwave ovens, etcetera. On the 5GHz band, there are typically fewer sources of interference. One source of interference is DFS (Dynamic Frequency Selection) but for specific channels only. DFS is a Wi-Fi function that enables 5GHz Wi-Fi to use frequencies that are generally reserved for radar. Ironically, DFS was designed to reduce interference, not increase it. DFS interference varies, depending on the country/physical location of the equipment. Knowing this, if you suspect interference is due to DFS, please consult this page for additional details:
+{{:pasted:20210804-210755.png}} \\
-[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_WLAN_channels]]
-{{:pasted:20210804-210755.png}}
+**Measure**: On certain (mainly MIPS-based) devices, there is an extra button to trigger the measurement of Noise Floor (interference). For more information on the noise floor, see the [[:wireless_survey|Wireless Survey]] page.
- \\
+**Network Discovery**: Starting with release 2021.4, a network discovery function was introduced. It is disabled by default. If enabled, it will remain set for the length of the web interface session, although actual scanning/discovery will stop as soon as you leave the Device List page. Network Discovery can be set to use the Linux **arping** command or the **traceroute** command. Essentially, the function scans all the IP addresses in range to try to better populate the Device List table. Arping is the preferred setting, as it's faster and lighter on resources. However, sometimes, such as with Apple devices, traceroute appears to perform network discovery more precisely.
-**Measure:**  On certain devices (Mainly MIPS-based) there's an extra button to trigger the measurement of Noise Floor (interference). For more information on noise floor, see the [[:wireless_survey|Wireless Survey]] page.
-**Network Discovery: ** Starting with release 2021.4, a network discovery function was introduced. It is disabled by default. If enabled, it will remain on for the length of the web interface session (depending on the cookie in use). Network Discovery can be set to use the Linux arping command or the traceroute command. Essentially, the function scans all the IP addresses in range to try to better populate the Device List table. Arping is the preferred setting, as it's faster and lighter on resources. However ,sometimes, such as with Apple devices, traceroute appears to perform network discovery better. Discovery will stop as soon as you leave the Device List page.
+To the right of the Network Discovery mode is a non-configurable countdown timer which represents how often the script is run. The countdown is essentially the ARP cache aging time. Remember that modern WiFi devices might stay connected to the router while in deep sleep mode. Network Discovery will likely detect those devices, but the Hostname information may not appear until they are awakened.
-To the right of the Network Discovery mode is a non-configurable countdown timer which represents how often the script is run. The countdown is essentially the ARP cache aging time. Remember that modern Wi-Fi devices might stay connected to the router while in deep sleep mode. Network Discovery will likely detect those devices, but the Hostname information may not appear until they are awakened.
+{{:pasted:20210804-205157.png}} \\
-{{:pasted:20210804-205157.png}}
+==== External links ====
-External links \\ [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_WLAN_channels|List of WLAN channels]]
+[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_WLAN_channels|List of WLAN channels]]

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