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===== UPnP/NAT-PMP =====

UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) is a controversial protocol that allows fully dynamic (automatic) port mapping from LAN IP addresses onto the Internet. It has been criticized for its poor security. With UPnP, each network program maps its own ports automatically. In the screenshot below, WhatsApp has mapped certain ports on FreshTomato's WAN IP/Interface.

UPnP is the original implementation of this protocol. NAT-PMP (Port Mapping Protocol) is a newer, enhanced version of UPnP, designed for better compatibility with NAT routing. NAT-PMP is part of Apple's Bonjour protocol, and is often used for streaming iTunes and other media.

If you use dynamic port forwarding, you'll probably want to enable both protocols to maintain backward compatibility.


===== Settings =====

**Enable UPnP:**  Checking this enable UPnP.

**Enable NAT-PMP:**  Checking this enables NAT-PMP.

**Inactive Rule Cleaning:**  Enabling this sets the timeout period to remove rules counted from the last time traffic was flowing.

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{{::port_forwarding-upnp-settings-2023.2.jpg?816}}

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**Cleaning Threshold:** Here, you set the maximum number of rules to be removed by an Interval.

**Secure Mode**:  Enabling this allows only the "owner LAN IP address" to trigger its own mapping/unmapping. In other words, the client is only allowed to map an incoming port to its own IP address, not to another address.

**Enable on:**  This allows you to enable UPnp/NATPMP only on certain VLANs.

**Show in My Network Places:**  If enabled, this makes FreshTomato appear as a gateway in Windows' browsable LAN network (WORKGROUP or HOMEGROUP).

**Miniupnpd custom config:**  In this field, you can enter custom configuration options not available in the web interface. In the image above, all UPnP requests/mappings are denied for address 10.10.10.4, the only host on that subnet.\\ \\  \\
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